![]() ![]() The 6th and 7th degrees of the minor scale, which both can be either low or high, are shown in the grey bubbles hanging below the minor keynotes. Look for the relationship between this tune and the following chart. For jazz exams you may also need the Dorian. For classical exams you can get by with the harmonic and melodic. Only one major scale but all those minor scales! This song will help you hear the difference between five of them. Did he get out of bed to ring the bells? Follow Frere Jacques’ Lament and you might find out. Here’s the tune first in F major, then our hero protests in Dm (the relative minor sharing the same key signature) then later in F minor (the parallel minor). If you try this tune on a minor third it sounds a bit miserable. How can you learn to tell them apart? One way is to apply the “Frere Jacques test”. The difference between major and minor thirds is the cornerstone of music theory. Sing this little tune as you do the juggling. Sing and play this little ditty to help make them part of your experience. Major and minor thirds – so important to chords and scales. Are there similar conventions in the US? If you know of any please drop me a line. For rests the fraction names are whispered. Gradually while teaching rhythms a way of singing the fraction names has evolved below. There are other names, e.g crotchet, which are used in the UK but I prefer the fraction names as they are more straightforward and also relate directly to the time signatures. The US uses fraction names for the symbols we use to write rhythms down e.g “quarter note”. You can arrange them in any order, in one long line, or choose a bar length, e.g 4/4, 3/4 or 2/4, and set them below each other. Get out your scissors and glue and print our this chart to get a grasp of the sizes of notes and rests. The dot to the right of either a note or rest increases its length by a half. Notes can be flipped upside down without changing their length but rests cannot. The way musicians wrote down rhythms has taken shape over hundreds of years. ![]()
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